Cure for cardiac arrhythmias

Violations of the rhythm, frequency and sequence of heart contractions can occur due to various circumstances in many people, these conditions require examination, because only a doctor can prescribe medications for cardiac arrhythmia, the list of which is huge and incomprehensible to a simple layman.

Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias should be competent and timely in order to avoid the development of unpleasant consequences and complications.

It is useful for each patient to have a general idea of ​​​​the drugs that he will have to take for a long time or even drink all his life.

General information

Usually, a heart rhythm disorder does not pose a danger to a person if it lasts for a short time and occurs after physical or emotional overwork, a plentiful feast, during pregnancy or adolescence. With frequent and (or) prolonged episodes of arrhythmia, accompanied by a deterioration in well-being, the appearance of discomfort or pain in the chest, shortness of breath and weakness, it is recommended to contact a cardiology specialist, undergo an examination to determine the cause, type of pathology and degree of hemodynamic disorders. This determines the choice of treatment tactics and the selection of the necessary medicine for arrhythmia, which will have to be drunk for a long time or taken only in the appropriate situation.

For diagnosis, the specialist offers:

1. First of all, an ECG recording at rest is prescribed, if necessary, a study with a load is performed, as well as echocardiography.
2. A very informative method is the daily monitoring of the electrical impulses of the heart according to the Holter.
3. Sometimes transesophageal electrical stimulation is required, usually in young patients, to decide whether radical treatment by radiofrequency ablation of excess pathways in the myocardium is appropriate.

Depending on the results obtained, the type of arrhythmia is specified:

• tachycardia (supraventricular, sinus or ventricular) - increased heart rate with a source in different parts of the heart muscle;
• bradycardia - slow heart rate;
• extrasystole - extraordinary impulses, leading to lengthening of the intervals after them until the next systole of the atria or ventricles;
• atrial fibrillation - random contraction of individual muscle fibers in the atria.

Conservative methods are the main ones in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Any medicine for arrhythmia should be selected taking into account the data of the survey, it should be taken strictly according to the instructions and regularly, and not drunk uncontrollably when it pleases.

Preparations

The basis of conservative treatment of arrhythmias is the elimination of the cause that caused the heart rhythm disorder. If this is a concomitant disease, then appropriate methods of therapeutic or surgical influence on the pathology are carried out, at the same time it is necessary to take a medicine for arrhythmia. If rhythm and heart rate disorders are an independent nosology, then the list of drugs will be headed by antiarrhythmic drugs.

All antiarrhythmic drugs are divided into several pharmacological classes:

1. Blockers of sodium channels of cell membranes of cardiomyocytes (Quinidine, Lidocaine, Pyromecaine, Propafenone, Ritmonorm, Aprindine) - have a membrane stabilizing effect, by reducing the influx of sodium ions and activation of potassium channels reduce myocardial excitability.
2. Beta-blockers (Propranolol, Metoprolol, Bisaprolol, Atenolol and others) - suppress the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart muscle.
3. Means for increasing the duration of the acting potential of all cardiac structures (Amiodarone, Kordaron, Nibentan) - block potassium channels, reduce myocardial oxygen demand, dilate the coronary arteries and reduce their resistance.
4. Inhibitors of slow calcium channels (Verapamil, Isoptin, Finoptin, Diacordin, Diltiazem) - reduce contractility, frequency of the sinus node and the speed of electrical impulses, relax blood vessels.
5. Other agents (a group of cardiac glycosides, ATP, magnesium sulfate, potassium preparations) - inhibit the atrioventricular node, which receives impulses from the main pacemaker and transmits them to the ventricles, increase the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Any medicine for cardiac arrhythmia should be taken strictly according to the instructions and (or) in accordance with the recommendations of the attending doctor. If you drink the drug incorrectly, you can cause a drop in blood pressure, provoke a new attack of arrhythmia and cause deterioration.

Practical use

When choosing the right antiarrhythmic agent, the doctor should take into account:

• patient's age;
• his state of health;
• type of arrhythmia;
• the presence of hemodynamic disorders and complaints of well-being.

The most common type of cardiac arrhythmia is tachycardia and extrasystole, which, in turn, are divided into atrial and ventricular. Antiarrhythmic drugs for these pathologies are not always prescribed, at the discretion of the attending physician. It has been established that, if used incorrectly, these drugs can themselves provoke arrhythmia.

Recently, beta-blockers have become very popular, especially Bisaprolol and its analogues (Bidop, Concor or others). This medicine is recommended for tachyarrhythmias of various origins (supraventricular, atrial, etc.), doses are selected individually, usually from 2.5 to 10-20 mg or more per day for one or two doses. Care should be taken to drink the tablets at the same time, no abrupt cessation of treatment is allowed, only a doctor can decide whether to cancel the beta-blocker or reduce (increase) the dose. This drug for arrhythmia is very effective, can significantly reduce mortality from acute coronary insufficiency. Small doses are recommended to be taken to prevent attacks of paroxysmal tachycardia, only gradual withdrawal of the drug under the control of well-being is allowed, especially when leaving large doses (for example, from 20 mg).

To stop a severe attack of paroxysmal tachycardia, intravenous administration of antiarrhythmic drugs (Verapamil, Finoptin, ATP, Novocainamide, Kordaron) is usually used, this is done by doctors in the ambulance service or in the hospital. In the future, such people will have to drink a medicine for arrhythmia for a sufficiently long time.

It is also necessary to take into account the need to comply with proper nutrition and daily routine, as well as the exclusion of factors that provoke disruption of the heart.

It is possible to cure arrhythmia only by a set of measures, by the joint efforts of the doctor and the patient.