Symptoms and treatment of tachyarrhythmia

Tachyarrhythmia - what is it? A life-threatening condition in which the heart begins to beat rapidly and irregularly. If this lasts for a long time, then there are serious violations in the body.

This pathology of the heart rhythm can occur suddenly and be characterized by both a small heartbeat and a serious deterioration in health.

What other symptoms are characteristic of this disease, can tachyarrhythmia be cured?

Types of tachyarrhythmia

The disease can occur in 2 variants:

Paroxysmal. The acute (paroxysmal) form often has a ciliated character.

Its main symptoms will be:

• feeling of heartbeat;
• severe weakness;
• lack of air;
• chest discomfort.

With a strong ciliary rhythm disturbance, it can happen:

• loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain;
• suffocation;
• chills;
• pale skin;
• feeling of lack of air.

All cases of atrial paroxysmal tachyarrhythmia should be treated in a hospital setting, preferably under the supervision of a resuscitator.

Chronic. With such a long-term atrial fibrillation, minor symptoms are noted in the form of shortness of breath and pressing pains in the chest. It is characteristic that most patients are concerned about these symptoms only during physical exertion or if ventricular fibrillation occurs. At rest, with atrial fibrillation, there may not be unpleasant symptoms, sometimes atrial tachyarrhythmia can only be detected using an ECG.

Often the asymptomatic form of the disease is detected on the ECG during a routine medical examination.

Complications of rhythm disturbance

Tachyarrhythmia is a condition in which the heart beats frequently and at irregular intervals, sometimes reaching 400 beats per minute.

This condition, if it continues for a long time, leads to the following complications:

1. myocardial ischemia. Frequent heart contractions do not allow the organ to fully fill the cavities with blood, the blood flow becomes defective, causing ischemia of organs and tissues. Such starvation of myocardial tissues, as a rule, leads to a heart attack or the development of heart failure. Usually, cardiac tissues suffer in the form of atrial fibrillation of tachyarrhythmia, when the cardiac chambers almost do not relax and the release of blood into the aorta becomes minimal.
2. Atrial or ventricular fibrillation (the place of development depends on where the pathological impulse originated, which provoked an abnormal heart rhythm).
3. The formation of blood clots due to the fact that the blood filling of the vessels with tachyarrhythmia is incomplete, blood stagnation occurs in the vessels and the risk of thrombosis increases. The most common is pulmonary thromboembolism. Thromboembolism is considered the most dangerous complication - a detached blood clot can clog any of the vessels, causing disruption of tissue nutrition. When the blood vessels in the brain are blocked, this leads to a stroke.
4. Pulmonary edema. It almost always accompanies prolonged atrial tachyarrhythmia. With it, the fluid that has stagnated in the pulmonary circulation penetrates from the vessels into the tissues. The development of pulmonary edema is accompanied by shortness of breath, asthma attacks, in severe cases - respiratory arrest.

Any of these complications is dangerous for human life and health, requires treatment in a hospital: the patient should be hospitalized even if the rhythm has recovered.

Especially dangerous is tachycardia with rhythm disturbance in children - organs and tissues in childhood are actively growing, even slight ischemia can cause developmental disorders.

How can pathology be treated

Treatment of tachyarrhythmia is carried out urgently.

Immediately after the detection of frequent after the detection of uneven heart palpitations, the following activities are carried out:

• a glucose-potassium mixture is connected (intravenously drip);
• intravenously make injections of Digoxin, Strophanthin, Cordaron and other drugs that help restore normal heart contractions;
• in case of detected ventricular tachyarrhythmia, Lidocaine is additionally administered intravenously or drip for treatment.

If these measures do not help, then surgical treatment is performed when a pacemaker is implanted into the patient's heart muscle.

After this treatment, the number of heart contractions is determined by the device program, which is selected individually for each patient.

If drug therapy has given a positive effect, then subsequent treatment will depend on the cause that provoked the symptom.

It could be:

• heart disease (ischemia, valvular insufficiency, etc.);
• vascular problems (hypertension, VVD, atherosclerosis);
• hyperthyroidism (thyroid disease);
• violation of water and electrolyte balance (most often tachyarrhythmia is provoked by a lack of potassium in the body);
• infectious diseases accompanied by severe hyperthermia and general intoxication of the body;
• lung diseases, accompanied by the development of respiratory failure;
• bad habits (smoking, drug or alcohol use);
• an overdose of certain drugs (quinidine, amitriptyline, asthma sufferers can cause rhythm failure by using the Berotek inhaler too often).

For the treatment and relief of the re-development of tachyarrhythmia, patients are prescribed rhythm-reducing agents (Egilok, Digoxin, Concor) and the cause is identified. Only after the elimination of the provoking factor is a positive dynamics of the disease possible.