Sinus bradyarrhythmia in children - what is it?

Sinus bradyarrhythmia is characterized by a decrease in heart rate. As a rule, the disease does not require treatment, it can manifest itself extremely rarely.

Pathology can occur in both children and adults. This is a slowing of the heart rate to 60 beats per minute and below. Normally, it ranges from 60 to 90 beats per minute. If contractions become less than 30 beats per minute, then cerebral ischemia develops. Measure the pulse on the wrist: it should be of good filling and at regular intervals. When disturbed, arrhythmia occurs.

What are arrhythmias, causes

Arrhythmias are divided into tachycardia and bradycardia:

1. Tachycardia is an acceleration of the rhythm over 100 beats per minute.
2. Bradycardia is a slowing of the heart rate.

There is another violation - extrasystole. These are premature beats.

The usual physiological occurs against the background of fatigue, stress, after visiting the steam room. Moreover, people involved in physical activity or sports do not experience any anxiety. Bradycardia does not require treatment.

In general, sinus bradyarrhythmia is divided into organic and functional forms. There are also various associated disorders (such as atrial fibrillation or bradycardia).

Bradyarrhythmia can develop against the background of several factors:

• from a sedentary lifestyle and increased body weight;
• it happens to athletes - this is their normal physiological state;
• with violations of the innervation of the sinus node;
• VSD, respiratory disorders, neuroses;
• with thrombosis of the coronary vessels;
• myxedema, high blood levels of potassium;
• high intracranial pressure;
• against the background of taking medications;
• with rheumatoid and inflammatory factor in the myocardial muscle;
• with heart attack, myocarditis, endocarditis and other heart diseases
• in adolescents, hormonal changes play a decisive role;
• pathology can occur against the background of viruses with subsequent myocardial damage;
• in children, this can be both VVD and against the background of pathology of the liver or kidneys, intracranial hematoma;
• in children, it can occur with a lack of iodine and reduced thyroid function, with heart and valve defects.

When is bradycardia diagnosed in childhood?

Such a diagnosis can be made in the following cases:

1. If the newborn has it below 100 beats per minute.
2. When from 1 year to 6 years the pulse is less than 70.
3. If teenagers have it less than 60.

Any deviations from the norm can subsequently lead to the development of various pathologies, so it is necessary to control these data.

There can be several reasons for a child: from fetal hypoxia to neuroses, from infectious diseases to rapid growth, with hypothyroidism, increased intracranial pressure and lead or nicotine poisoning.

Does the disease go away in childhood?

With a compensated form, the disease can pass. More often it is caused by hypertonicity of the vagus nerve. Sometimes the cause in children can be hypothermia at an early age, since heat transfer in the body has not yet been adjusted. Since children rarely complain of such a painful condition, it is necessary to pay attention to the symptoms.

For example:

• cold sweat;
• decreased vision;
• fatigue;
• the child may faint;
• perhaps complaints of pain in the heart.

With such symptoms in a child, it is important to contact a cardiologist in time. Usually, sinus bradyarrhythmias quickly subside at a young age, but if necessary, a cardiac surgeon may suggest electrical stimulation.

For children, as well as for adults, this is quite dangerous, because other concomitant diseases may occur:

• constant dizziness;
• sensations of cardiac arrest;
• feeling of heaviness in the chest.

It is this condition that characterizes the uncompensated variant of bradyarrhythmia. With a compensated variant, children and adults do not have such symptoms. They may not know for the rest of their lives that they have a slow pulse and sinus bradyarrhythmia.

What are the symptoms of the disease

In addition to cold sweat, constant fatigue and decreased vision, a child or adult may also experience symptoms such as:

• loss of appetite;
• decrease in concentration;
• jumps in blood pressure;
• children are more likely to have headaches, apathy and dizziness;
• with Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome, blood flow can be stopped and even clinical death can occur. In this case, resuscitation measures will be needed. With loss of consciousness and the simultaneous act of urination and defecation, you should immediately pay attention to this.

More often, uncompensated sinus bradyarrhythmia is not treated with conventional drugs; in rare cases, Atropine is used. The rhythm is restored by pacing in children and adults, and in severe cases, an operation is performed to implant the pacemaker. Better known as a pacemaker, the device helps restore lost rhythm and allows you to live a full life. The pacemaker is implanted regardless of the degree and type of bradyarrhythmia.

Treatment of the disease

For treatment, various drugs are used, the effect of which is aimed at restoring the heart rhythm.

What can be assigned:

1. Alupent.
2. Atropine.
3. Isoproterenol.
4. Beauty preparations.
5. Eleutherococcus, ginseng.

The dosage is selected by the doctor, and the individual condition of the patient is taken into account.

If drug therapy fails to stop bradyarrhythmia, then a decision is made to install a pacemaker.

This is especially practiced in old age or after a heart attack. If the bradyarrhythmia is unstable, then the patient himself can adjust the device at the time of attacks. With constant bradycardia, the device works all the time.

How can you help, besides appliances

In children, constant monitoring of the ECG is necessary, since the disease is often asymptomatic. Regardless of age, special breathing exercises may be recommended.

For a child, as for an adult, a diet should be thought out that includes foods rich in B vitamins, potassium and magnesium, for example:

• tomatoes and citrus fruits;
• legumes and meat;
• dried fruits and nuts;
• buckwheat, oatmeal, sauerkraut;
• spinach, parsley.

For adults, we can recommend taking several cups of natural coffee or cocoa, tincture of ginseng root or eleutherococcus in the morning. Or make your own tincture from the flowers and fruits of wild rose, hawthorn, mountain arnica and calendula. In addition, you will have to give up bad habits (alcohol and smoking, which affect the state of blood vessels, and therefore the disease as a whole).

First aid for an attack:

1. Brew strong coffee or tea.
2. Add a few drops of ginseng or eleutherococcus to tea, no more than 15 drops.
3. You can take a warm bath.
4. Make a set of exercises.
5. Zelenin drops raise the pulse in a matter of minutes, but it is dangerous to give them without consulting a doctor.
6. With a pulse less than 35 beats, we call an ambulance.
7. In case of dizziness and fainting, it is better to lay the patient, legs above body level, a towel roll under the head.
8. For chest pain, a Nitroglycerin tablet.
9. In case of loss of consciousness, we do artificial respiration and heart massage.

If the attack occurred suddenly, the person felt unwell, then you can provide first aid yourself. However, it is best to quickly deliver to the hospital, where highly qualified care will be provided.