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How to understand high or low blood pressure
Pressure problems have a huge number of people. At the same time, some have problems due to reduced performance, while others, on the contrary, suffer due to the fact that the pressure indicators are too high. How do these two states differ, except for the numbers on the display of the device that measures pressure - a tonometer, and which of the problems is considered more dangerous?
Signs indicating hypotension
Doctor's hypotension is most often considered a disease that occurs due to the malfunction of the autonomic nervous system, namely, failures in this system can cause low pressure.
Simply put, this is a consequence of vegetovascular dystonia. But it is precisely this diagnosis that has recently been often entered by doctors in the card of a patient who has deviations from the norm in terms of pressure. Among other things, this ailment arises when there are malfunctions in the work of the cardiovascular system, in the event that the blood in the body becomes less in volume than it should be. Taking medications of a certain group, including narcotic drugs, is also included in the list of reasons as a result of which there is a possibility of hypotension.
It is important not to confuse hypotension - a disease in which blood pressure is low, with the pressure when a person feels comfortable, despite the fact that the pressure level is below the established standards. It often happens that with indicators of 95/65 mmHg, people do not experience a painful condition, they are full of strength, energetic, their working capacity is high, and their mood is high. True, when the pressure drops below the border of 90-85 / 60-55 mm Hg. Art., then signs indicating hypotension begin to appear. Symptoms of this disease will be described in the article a little later.
Manifested by low blood pressure is usually lethargy, apathy, he tends to sleep. The person feels shattered throughout the body. At the same time, efficiency and mental activity are noticeably reduced. People with low blood pressure often have headaches, they react painfully to changes in atmospheric pressure and weather changes. There is also a tendency to faint in such people.
Low blood pressure can be suspected when, when changing the position of the body, for example, when lifting from a horizontal to a vertical position, twinkling stars begin to flash before the eyes, which are often called “flies”. This is due to the low tone of the blood vessels, which is actually a typical condition in hypotension.
A sharp drop in pressure often has a specific cause. It can be an allergic reaction - shock, a large loss of blood, serious disorders of the heart, as well as various infections and intoxication of the body.
You can determine the presence of hypotension by the subjective state of a person, but still you should not rely only on sensations.
To find out a reliable level of pressure, it is worth periodically measuring it and, if necessary, taking measures in time.
A small mug of black coffee with a piece of natural dark chocolate can return a person to a normal state. In general, you can use other products that contain caffeine or a certain group of stimulants. Although experts say that a significant drop in blood pressure occurs just after a person eats, this is extremely rare. More often a hungry person, who also has a drop in pressure, faints.
How is hypertension diagnosed?
Stably high blood pressure, which is more than 140/90 mmHg, indicates the presence of hypertension. Arterial hypertension is a persistent high blood pressure, which is the cause of violations of many systems in the body. The heart system, kidneys, vision, and brain suffer mainly from this. All this is due to the fact that some properties of the arteries change under the influence of constant excessive load.
The main muscle of the body - the heart, reacts extremely painfully to increased pressure. In the overwhelming majority of cases, this leads to a decrease in the reserve capacity of the heart muscle, and in the presence of atherosclerosis, to the rapid development of various heart diseases, in particular, to coronary disease.
In addition, even severe hypertension, if the pressure surge does not occur instantly, may not be felt by a person for a long time, especially if the disease developed gradually over a sufficiently long time period.
According to experts, high blood pressure manifests itself sharply only in the case of a hypertensive crisis, when in a matter of minutes the pressure readings on the tonometer screen literally soar to maximum values. In such a situation, pain is given in the occipital region, often pain sensations are compared with such a condition, as if a hoop binds the skull in a circle, while noise appears in the ears, and the pulsation is perceived as the beat of drums. If a person has heart failure in addition, then pain in the region of the heart may appear. There is an opinion that a hypertensive patient reacts more strongly to pressure surges than a person who has a drop in readings.
When describing the appearance of a person suffering from hypotension, it was mentioned that he was thin. But to understand that in front of you is a typical hypertensive patient, you can use the reddish tint of the face, and often with edema. At the same time, the person is quite densely complex, perhaps even overweight, and the age often exceeds the thirty-year mark. In women, hypertension occurs most often during menopause - menopause.
A sharp rise in blood pressure, which is better determined not by subjective sensations, but by the reading of the device, can lead to serious consequences - a stroke. Unfortunately, mortality from hypertension has recently become a leader in terms of indicators. A hypertensive crisis, as a rule, develops with excessive physical exertion in conjunction with overload on an emotional background.
Increased pressure greatly increases the load on the walls of the arteries, which in exceptional cases can cause them to rupture. As a result, a hemorrhage occurs in the brain or the retina suffers from this. High pressure often provokes the detachment of atherosclerotic plaque from the vessel wall and this can cause blockage of the lumen. Then this area dies and a heart attack occurs. To determine which disease is less serious - hypotension or hypertension and to answer the question which condition is less dangerous for human life and health, is probably not a completely correct statement of the question. Although many doctors agree that hypotension rarely leads to complications and therefore they consider hypertension to be the most dangerous.
