What is blood pressure lability?

Labile arterial hypertension is one of the types of hypertension characterized by a temporary increase in pressure. People with this pathology are practically healthy. The danger of this disease lies in the sharp jumps in the indicators of the tonometer.

Although this problem is not considered serious due to the intermittent and short-term condition, nevertheless, if left untreated, it can transform into hypertension.

Causes of labile hypertension

This pathology occurs not only in the elderly. Very often it is stated in young people.

The disease is diagnosed in the case when the systolic index rises more than 140 millimeters of mercury, and the diastolic - more than 90.

Labile hypertension is considered close to the borderline area in terms of blood pressure. According to statistical estimates, about one third of all recorded cases of hypertension are labile. That is, those who have an unstable level of blood pressure indicators. In most cases, pressure normalizes over time, but in 20% of patients this form transforms into hypertension and requires serious treatment.

Previously, blood pressure lability was considered the initial stage of hypertension. At a conference of therapists in 1951, the classification of hypertension proposed by Academician Myasnikov was approved. According to the presented systematization, stage 1 of hypertensive pathology was precisely labile arterial hypertension (stage 2 - permanent, stage 3 - hypertension with complications).

To date, such a division has only historical significance, and labile hypertension has been singled out as a separate form. The etiology of the disease is still under investigation. Doctors cannot unequivocally name the causes of the manifestation of the disease. Various factors serve as a prerequisite.

Other points include:

• A significant increase in impulses coming to the vessels from the central nervous system. This happens due to a large psycho-emotional load. Very often, this factor is the cause of labile hypertension in adolescents during the development of the CNS.
• Sedentary lifestyle, obesity. In such cases, cholesterol deposits appear on the walls of the arteries, which block the lumen of the vessel and impede blood flow.
• Diabetes. Due to the deficiency of the hormone insulin, the level of glucose in the blood increases, and metabolism is disturbed. Timely treatment is necessary.

• Smoking and alcohol. These bad habits lead to spasm of the blood arteries. At first, such a problem is characterized by a temporary manifestation, but with prolonged abuse it becomes chronic.
• The use of salt and coffee in large quantities. The daily dose of this product (salt) for a person should not exceed 2 grams. Coffee contains caffeine, which can constrict blood vessels.
• genetic predisposition. When close relatives had pressure lability or hypertension, there is a high probability of inheriting the pathology.

This condition is dangerous because if the lining of the arteries does not have sufficient strength, it can break with subsequent hemorrhage.

Symptoms and treatment

A feature of labile pressure is that for a long time this ailment does not have clear manifestations. Signs that characterize this disease are many cardiovascular pathologies. It is extremely difficult to identify the disease and prescribe treatment.

Symptoms of labile hypertension are:

• intermittent pain in the back of the head;
• irritability or excitability without an underlying cause;
• memory impairment;
• insomnia;
• inattention;
• "flies" or double vision;
• limb numbness.

In the case when such symptoms occur from time to time, blood pressure should be monitored with a tonometer. You can do this at home as well.

To identify pressure lability, it will be necessary to carry out measuring procedures at least twice a day. It is precisely this regularity that is needed, since a single measurement is unable to create a clear clinical picture.

In children, this pathology appears due to the growth of the body against the background of such a diagnosis as vegetative-vascular dystonia.

The child may feel pain in the chest area, quickly irritated, constantly tired. He may have a headache, shortness of breath, convulsions, vomiting, and so on. With such symptoms, it is necessary to undergo an examination in the clinic.

As a rule, if a child has arterial pressure lability, the doctor detects tachycardia, murmurs and other manifestations.

Treatment to eliminate this disease is aimed primarily at changing lifestyle.

To improve your health you will need:

• exercise;
• minimize psycho-emotional stress;
• regularly walk in the fresh air;
• consume more vitamins and less complex fats;
• to refuse from bad habits;
• adjust sleep and wake patterns.

With prolonged stress, the use of sedatives is prescribed as a treatment. Such drugs reduce the intensity of the passage of impulses to the vessels from the central nervous system.

Studies have shown that people who have pressure lability in their younger years, more often than others in old age, suffer from hypertension. With regards to gender, women are more susceptible to this pathology than men.

Often in clinical practice, you can meet the diagnosis: neurocirculatory dystonia of the hypertensive type. Although this disease has been recognized for a long time, there are still many opinions about whether this pathology should be singled out as a separate nosological form. Such a discussion is explained simply: such a disease is almost indistinguishable from labile hypertension.

The pathogenetics of both pathologies is very close.

They can only be commissioned if the disease has become chronic and high tonometer readings are constantly observed. Treatment of pressure lability with medications is rarely carried out, mainly therapy is aimed at eliminating the causes that caused the symptoms.