Causes of swelling of the legs and face with hypertension

Among diseases of the cardiovascular system, hypertension is the most common. It is characterized by elevated blood pressure and manifests itself in hypertension or symptomatic hypertension (SAH). Edema and high blood pressure are companions characteristic of both forms of the disease. Such consequences are caused by compression of blood vessels due to spasms. The heart is working hard, the pressure rises.

Causes and symptoms of hypertension

High blood pressure manifests itself in adults and children, regardless of gender.

• genetic predisposition;
• overstrain, stress;
• sedentary lifestyle, overweight;
• lack of a balanced diet;
• bad habits;
• environmental factor;
• age changes.

Pathology is a symptom of many diseases. For many years, it can periodically manifest itself exclusively in high blood pressure. This is the main danger: the pressure is corrected by simple means, but it inevitably has a negative effect on the body.

Edema in hypertension may be accompanied by:

• dizziness;
• violation of sleep / wakefulness;
• nervousness, irritability;
• numbness of fingers and toes;
• weakening of vision;
• pain in the heart, shortness of breath.

Over a long period, a new structure of the arteries is formed. Spasms narrow the vessels, and they are not able to expand due to an increase in wall thickness. Blood circulation worsens, the brain, heart, kidneys, and later other organs suffer. In the later stages, various parts of the body swell, and even the lungs.

An active person is often unaware of the presence of hypertension. This threatens with violations in the myocardium and leads to a heart attack. Edema appears in the later stages.

Causes of edema in hypertension

Edema with hypertension speaks of problems of internal organs or current diseases. Prerequisites for the appearance of edema are violations of metabolic processes involving sodium and water, as well as cardiovascular, endocrine, renal, and pulmonary diseases. Treatment of edema should be started immediately after consulting a doctor.

The most common place for fluid to accumulate due to hypertension is the legs.

• heaviness, fullness, dull aching pain in the legs;
• difficulties of movement;
• fast fatiguability;
• sleep disturbance due to pain.

The phenomenon spreads from the knee to the foot. The pain syndrome intensifies in the evening or when bending the knee joint. In the first stages, the attack is removed by raising the legs above the level of the heart.

Low blood pressure and accompanying swelling of the legs are typical for pregnant women and patients with heart disease. Occurs when the concentration of albumin in the blood decreases. Rarely found in healthy people, they indicate problems in the liver.

Swelling of the legs often occurs due to heart failure. At the first manifestations, you should consult a doctor.

Puffiness of the face

It appears for various reasons. To correct the disease, you should pay attention to lifestyle, diet.

• pyelonephritis - the defeat of the tangles;
• chronic glomerulonephritis - pathology of the pelvis.

Further manifestations are not tied to time, often do not depend on the actions of the patient. They appear during the day and disappear without a trace. But after a certain period, the tumor can spread to the entire face and become a constant companion of a person.

Facial swelling caused by high blood pressure may indicate dysfunction of the eyes, stomach, and liver. The disease develops, disrupting the functionality of other organs.

In connection with the pathologies of the cardiovascular system, stress increases the pressure in the atria and pulmonary veins. The left ventricle overworks, leading to pulmonary edema.

• redness on the face;
• shortness of breath, pain in the heart;
• severe sweating along with chills;
• anxiety, panic.

Timely response often allows you to minimize the risks of complications. The above condition is typical for sick people who are often aware of their problems.

It is important to take immediate action:

1. The patient is placed in bed, the windows are opened. Help to calm down, try to stabilize breathing.
2. They call an ambulance. Prior to the arrival of the brigade, follow the recommendations of the doctor on duty. They are reduced to the use of antihypertensive drugs.

With attacks of pulmonary edema, wheezing is possible due to impaired breathing. Only doctors can eliminate them.

Pulmonary edema has 4 stages. The severity of the disease varies according to the severity of the symptoms. Untimely assistance, lack of treatment of edema in hospitals lead to death in 100% of cases.

A woman carrying a fetus is gaining weight, often subject to stress. Blood circulation is disturbed, so fluid retention is not always due to pressure. At the end of the second-beginning of the third trimester, the condition of most potential women in labor worsens, which is accompanied by the appearance of edema. The skin around the eyes swells first, then the face. In the future, edema spreads to the limbs.

1. Preventive measures come down to walking. A woman should walk every 2 hours for 10 minutes.
2. Socks and stockings help to cope directly with swelling of the legs.

Medication treatment during pregnancy is prescribed only if arterial hypertension is detected before pregnancy or in the first half of the term. In other cases, the doctor monitors the state of affairs, recommends adjusting the lifestyle. Prevention is of great importance.

Diagnostics

Patient complaints influence the choice of diagnostic method. Perhaps the appointment of a comprehensive examination.

• laboratory blood and urine tests;
• echocardiographic study;
• electrocardiographic examination;
• hormonal level tests;
• ultrasound examination.

The procedures give different results. For example, an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, detected in a general blood test, indicates a violation of the functioning of the kidneys.

Hypertension occurs mainly in men over 45 years of age. 90% of all cases are hypertension. The main reason is heredity. In children, it is fixed mainly due to a sedentary lifestyle.

Treatment

Methods for eliminating treatment are conditionally divided into 3 components.

1. Normalization of blood pressure. Medications are prescribed depending on the symptoms. Self-improvement with medicines is strictly prohibited.
2. Improving the withdrawal of fluid from the body with the help of diuretics.
3. Power mode adjustment.

Methods are applied in a complex to achieve an effective result. Particular attention is paid to the localization of swelling. In accordance with its location, the issue of the amount of water consumption is decided.

These are medicinal diuretics. They are classified according to various criteria, the main of which is the strength of action.

1. Potent diuretics are used for high blood pressure, toxicosis and swelling orally or intravenously. Due to the many side effects, a single dose or short courses are recommended. Assign in severe cases and in the later stages of diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys. Torsemide, ethacrynic acid, Furosemide are popular.
2. Diuretic drugs of average efficiency are taken in small dosages for 2-4 weeks. Along with a stable decrease in pressure, there is a decrease in the body of salt ions (potassium, sodium, magnesium, chlorine). Excess calcium and urea are formed, which leads to additional negative consequences. They are used to treat hypertension in the absence of exacerbation. Hypatiazid, Indapamide, Clopamid have a pronounced effect.
3. Potassium-sparing, osmotic agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a group of ineffective agents used in combination with previous drugs. The main difference is the preservation of the level of potassium in the body, which positively affects the heart and blood vessels. Diacarb and Dichlorfinamide are often prescribed. Glycerin, urea, Mannitol are used intravenously to relieve acute symptoms.

Of great importance in the treatment of edema in hypertension is the prevention of seizures. It comes down to maintaining a healthy lifestyle, strengthening the nervous system.

Medicines are used strictly according to the doctor's prescription. Self-administration of funds leads to irreversible consequences. Most of them are addictive, affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

In the piggy bank of traditional medicine there are many recipes for diuretics. Let's take a look at the most popular ones.

1. Prepare the mixture: 2 cups of cranberry and beetroot juice, 200 g of vodka, 250 g of honey, juice of one lemon. Drink on an empty stomach three times a day.
2. Grind 0.5 kg of chokeberry with sugar (300 g). Eat 100 g twice a day.
3. A teaspoon of chopped burdock root is poured into 500 ml of boiling water. Leave until the morning, filter. The broth is divided into two parts, consumed per day.
4. Mix a teaspoon of a mixture of birch leaves and knotweed in 250 ml of water. Cook over low heat for 20 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Drink in 2 doses per day.
5. On low heat for half an hour, boil a tablespoon of the roots of the wild rose in 250 ml of water. Infuse for 20 minutes, strain. Take a tablespoon before meals three times a day.

Contraindications to the use of folk remedies for tumors are individual intolerance to the components and some diseases. Specialist consultation required.

The presence of edema and concomitant high blood pressure largely depend on the psycho-emotional state. Individual methods of relaxation help to cope with it.

Nutrition

Therapeutic effect in tumors has the consumption of vegetables and fruits up to 300-500 g. The daily diet is enriched with vegetable salads.

• zucchini;
• cabbage;
• pepper;
• apples;
• watermelon;
• parsley;
• cucumbers.

During the treatment of edema in hypertension, fatty, spicy and salty foods are not recommended. Complete exclusion from the diet of any products is carried out only in accordance with the diet developed by the doctor. Salt is replaced with lemon juice.

Fast food is a mandatory ban. The definition includes all semi-finished products and sausages. It is better to eat at home, as chefs of some establishments use monosodium glutamate as a flavor enhancer in cooking.

It is advisable to reduce the consumption of tea and coffee to a minimum. Alcoholic drinks are strictly prohibited. Considering the effect of high blood pressure on the heart, it is best to refrain from smoking.

Any part of the body, even the lungs, can swell with hypertension. There is no need to immediately drink medicines, they may be contraindicated. You should consult a doctor, direct efforts to improve the quality of life, change the diet. Hypertension develops for a very long time. With a quick reaction to the first symptoms, there is a chance to minimize the risks of its consequences.