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What causes an increase in blood pressure in hypotensive patients and what to do
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People with persistent high or low blood pressure should especially carefully monitor their lifestyle. Neglect of one's own health can manifest itself with age in the form of such a dangerous phenomenon as an increase in pressure in hypotensive patients. What if, with age, a person suffering from hypotension begins to regularly increase pressure?
To do this, it is important to understand how and why there is an increase in blood pressure in hypotensive patients. Knowing the causes of high blood pressure will help you adjust your lifestyle and avoid the subsequent development of hypertension.
Hypertension in hypotensive patients
The normal blood pressure is considered to be 120/80 mm Hg. Art. Most people feel good at this level of blood pressure. However, for some people, this level of pressure is too high or too low.
According to constant indicators of pressure, the population can be divided into three groups:- Hypotensives are people whose blood pressure is usually low.
- Normotonics are people with normal blood pressure, their blood pressure (blood pressure) is usually 120/80 mm Hg. Art. or so.
- Hypertensive patients are people with high blood pressure, their blood pressure readings are equal to or greater than 130/90 mm Hg. Art.
Hypotension is a condition characterized by a persistent decrease in blood pressure. Most often, young people suffer from hypotension. BP indicators in hypotensive patients are usually below the standard value and normally do not exceed 110/70 mm Hg. Art. At the same time, a person does not experience any problems or inconveniences - the body eventually adapts to low pressure.
Sometimes hypotensive patients complain of increased fatigue, drowsiness and loss of strength. Hypotonics need more time to rest and sleep than normotonics. This happens due to dilated vessels, which do not allow the body to properly supply the organs with oxygen and vital substances.
However, hypotensive patients often do not complain about low blood pressure and notice health problems only when blood pressure begins to rise. Unfortunately, this happens more and more with age. Each hypotensive person has a chance to get an unpleasant complication in the form of hypertension in adulthood.
Jumps in blood pressure can happen in different situations for each person. If a person suffers from vegetovascular dystonia, blood pressure may change several times a day in response to minor experiences or stress. The person begins to experience headaches, asthma attacks and heart palpitations.
Hypertension is more dangerous than hypotension. Hypotensive patients have low vascular tone, which makes hypertension a particularly dangerous disease. Frequent and regular increase in pressure in hypotensive patients can eventually lead to a heart attack or stroke.
It is very important for a hypotensive patient to catch the moment when hypertension begins to develop, because the sooner a person starts treatment, the more likely he is to get successful results. A patient with hypotension should have a tonometer at home and constantly measure blood pressure. These measurements should be taken regularly after the age of 35, the recommended frequency of measurements is at least once a week.
It is especially important to do this at times of stress or intense physical exertion, because often a person does not even know how his blood pressure rises during moments of stress. If a person is often stressed or going through a stressful period, blood pressure should be measured daily. Timely treatment of hypertension is the key to good health.
Symptoms of hypertension
Normal for most blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. Art. considered elevated for hypotension. An increase in pressure of hypotension is tolerated worse than others, the symptoms in this case are more pronounced and cause more discomfort than hypertensives and normotonics.
Jumps in blood pressure in people suffering from hypotension are characterized by the following symptoms:- throbbing headache, dizziness, pounding in the temples;
- feeling of weakness, lethargy, increased fatigue;
- pre-fainting condition, sometimes leading to fainting;
- increased sweating;
- rapid breathing, heartbeat, pulse;
- noise or ringing in the ears, hearing loss;
- depression, anxiety, causeless anxiety, irritability;
- veil or darkening in the eyes, black dots, temporary blurred vision;
- numbness of limbs (fingers, hands or feet), tremor (trembling);
- feeling hot or chilly;
- nausea, vomiting;
- lack of air, suffocation, squeezing feeling in the chest, shortness of breath, shortness of breath;
- sleep problems, insomnia.
If a hypotensive person often experiences similar symptoms, it makes sense to seek help from a doctor. The specialist must observe the patient's pressure surges for some time in order to be able to see the clinical picture in dynamics.
The patient can monitor his own blood pressure by taking regular measurements. If a hypotensive person notices that his pressure has begun to rise and bring inconvenience, he is also recommended to visit a doctor.
The therapist must send the patient for an examination, the results of which will help him make a correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment. The examination should include an ECG, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography and duplex scanning of the arteries that are responsible for the blood supply to the brain.
Causes of pressure surges
As a rule, pressure does not change its value just like that. Jumps in blood pressure are the result of an unhealthy lifestyle, health problems or frequent stress.
It is important to note that with age, the pressure in hypotensive patients begins to rise more often. This happens because of the vessels, which eventually lose their elasticity. In addition, the body of mature and elderly people needs a higher level of blood pressure. This is necessary in order to more effectively provide blood supply to the internal organs of a person.
In women, pressure surges are closely related to the menstrual cycle and hormonal changes in the body. The main reason for the increase in blood pressure is the amount of estrogen (the female sex hormone). Estrogen dilates the blood vessels, so when the level of the hormone in the body drops, the vessels constrict. This results in an increase in blood pressure.
Changes in blood pressure in women may occur more frequently during adolescence (during puberty) and during menopause.
The connection of hypotension with the level of hormones in the body can in due time cause the development of potency disorders in men.
The factors that most often cause a pressure jump in hypotensive patients include:
- consuming large amounts of caffeine, which is found in tea and coffee drinks;
- smoking, alcohol and drug abuse;
- malnutrition, frequent consumption of fatty, too spicy, sweet or salty foods;
- insufficient amount of vitamins, macro- and microelements;
- various diseases in acute or chronic form;
- diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2;
- constant stress, nervous tension;
- sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity or, conversely, too intense physical activity;
- pregnancy, menstrual period or menopause;
- atherosclerosis;
- thyroid disease.
Obviously, jumps in blood pressure can be triggered by both external and internal factors, so it is important to monitor your health, undergo all necessary examinations in a timely manner and lead a healthy lifestyle.
Increasing pressure to 130/90 mm Hg. Art. can make you feel unwell and cause you to see a doctor. Treatment should be prescribed individually for each patient.
In this situation, it is best to seek help from another doctor who will pay due attention to the patient's complaints.
Treatment and prevention of hypertension in hypotensive patients
To bring down blood pressure, hypotensive patients can constantly take drugs that increase blood pressure, but it is wiser to eliminate not the consequences, but the causes of the disease.
An important role in controlling the development of hypertension is played by the patient's lifestyle, which includes daily diet, sleep quality, amount of stress and physical activity. It is highly likely that the doctor will first offer the patient to analyze their daily activities and seriously engage in improving the quality of life. If these measures do not help, then medicines will already be used.
Eliminating developing hypertension is quite difficult, but you can slow down its development.
For this you need:- Reduce the amount of strong coffee drinks and tea.
- Diversify the diet, eat a large amount of fresh vegetables and fruits, sea and river fish.
- Give preference to boiled, baked and steamed food.
- Exercise regularly, pay attention to cardio (running, swimming, exercise bike, walking, fitness).
- Include foods that contain iron, magnesium, calcium and folic acid in your diet.
- Fall asleep and wake up at the same time, sleep 8 hours a day, ventilate the room before going to bed.
- Take a walk in the fresh air every day, take a break from work, take a contrast shower.
- Quit smoking and other harmful substances.
- Avoid stress and nervous tension.
- Reduce the amount of spicy and salty foods.
- Visit a cardiologist regularly.
In no case should you self-medicate, all medications and medical procedures should be prescribed only by the attending physician after a thorough examination. Accurately following all the doctor's recommendations and maintaining a proper lifestyle is a sure way to overcome hypertension and stay healthy at any age.
