A sharp increase in blood pressure, the causes of jumps in hypertension?

High blood pressure, detected during the measurement according to the Korotkoff method, is periodically or constantly detected in many people, but the male sex predominates among them. However, hypertension affects the entire world population with little correlation depending on the development of countries. Only knowledge of the etiology of the disease and the observance of preventive measures for its development in connection with this can protect each person from a dangerous pathology that knocks out many organs and systems.

Etiology of hypertension

Blood pressure on the vessels is regulated by many physiological mechanisms. Therefore, the first symptoms of hypertension are easily eliminated and sometimes go unnoticed by the patient. Adaptive actions on the part of the body make it possible not to feel much discomfort when the pressure indicators go beyond the norm and tend upward. However, such a compensated state adversely affects the vascular wall.

The causes of cerebral hemorrhages, ischemic myocardial damage and other catastrophes lie in the inability of worn vessels to withstand the load anymore. Moreover, not only aged people, but also representatives of the younger generation can suddenly face a dangerous situation for health.

Any fluctuations in pressure, when the pressure drops or rises sharply, should be detected during continuous measurements.

A preventive recommendation is to get into the habit of measuring pressure. This condition is obligatory for persons after fifty years, even if blood pressure drops have not occurred before. The diagnosis of hypertension is made on the basis of daily monitoring, when the measured values ​​exceed the established norm during three procedures.

Often, hypertension appears as a result of certain diseases.

Hormonal pathologies and metabolic diseases often affect the entire homeostasis in the body, which manifests itself in jumps in blood pressure.

The kidneys, as one of the main regulators of blood pressure, also affect this parameter in their somatic diseases.

Clinical picture

A rather colorful picture is given by the condition of patients when there is a sharp drop in pressure.

The symptoms that have arisen require immediate treatment, which is why it is very important not to miss them:

1. Headache with a throbbing character, localized at the temples or on the back of the head. Often it can spread down and cover the neck. An unstable state may be accompanied by dizziness and lead to fainting.
2. The pressure jump is accompanied by the appearance of tinnitus, a drop in visual acuity and the inability to see the fine details of objects.
3. General symptoms are accompanied by painful sensations in the heart, complaints of rhythm failures and palpitations.
4. Pressure drops during the day cause sleep disorders at night, feelings of anxiety and depressive states.

Such serious symptoms should not be ignored and for a long time not to pay attention to pressure drops with a clear clinical picture. Single cases of lowering the pressure on their own are permissible, but this should not pass into the system. Blood pressure decreases at home slowly, and sometimes it is not possible to lower it at all. If you do not go to the doctor for a long time, then untimely treatment may no longer give the desired results.

There are fainting, numbness of the extremities, their coldness, pain of varying intensity and localization, resulting in stupor and coma.

Abrupt changes

Naturally, hypertension does not occur in absolutely healthy people, and they do not have to suffer from pressure surges. If changes in blood pressure do occur, then the state of the body has already changed and has pathological foci. Often, patients are aware of their disease and neglect the need to adjust their lifestyle.

Pressure fluctuations are observed at:

• Errors in a diet with a predominance of salty foods, foods with an excess of spices and saturated fats. Hypertensive patients must necessarily reduce the intake of salt, smoked meats, marinades in the diet.
• An increase in pressure even at a young age provokes obesity and excess body weight. The arterial bed and heart experience an additional load with each kilogram acquired in a person, which is why they suffer from jumps in blood pressure and related symptoms.
• The causes of sharp rises in blood pressure are secondary to endocrine diseases, malignant tumors and are symptomatic. Treatment of the underlying disease can reduce pressure.
• Infectious damage to the kidneys is accompanied by a narrowing of their vessels, which is perceived by regulatory mechanisms as a decrease in tone. The kidneys begin to work to eliminate the apparent low blood pressure.
• Heart defects and pathologies of the aorta provoke an increase in blood pressure.
• Pressure jumps are often mediated by injuries and other mechanical influences when the adaptive forces of the body are not enough.
• Blood pressure jumps during stress and nervous overexertion. If you avoid emotional swings, mental anguish, then an increase in pressure can be eliminated or the causes of its sharp jumps can be eliminated.

• The symptoms of hypertension are exacerbated by electrolyte imbalances. The migration of various ions is directly related to the movement of water from the vascular bed and back. If there is an excess of potassium or magnesium in the body, then the pressure jumps and gives rise to crises.
• Taking certain medications can cause an increase in blood pressure as a side effect. Studies have shown the likelihood of such effects in oral contraceptives, however, any drug in this series slightly changes the pressure. Some drugs lower blood pressure, as is expected from anesthetics and barbiturates.
• Increased blood pressure during pregnancy. The hormonal background in women changes significantly, blood volume increases, the heart shifts under the influence of a growing uterus, which is why there is a tendency to hypertension.
• Hypodynamia and bad habits become factors why pressure rises. If you simply eliminate smoking and play sports, then hypertension will not require expensive treatment, and pressure reduction will occur gradually and independently.
• When the pressure in the family rises in each family member, you can inevitably expect hypertension in close relatives. The reasons for this are caused by hereditary pathology of blood vessels, their fragility and failure of the regulatory mechanisms of blood pressure. Even if blood pressure drops more often than it rises at a young age, adulthood will require treatment of hypertension in the absence of preventive measures.

Thus, the causes of high blood pressure are diverse, but reducing high blood pressure is not always easy. Only a careful attitude to one's health can save each person from the painful struggle with arterial hypertension.