The difference between hypertension and hypertension

If we consider such concepts as hypertension and hypertension, then it should be said that one should not think that they are one and the same.

Because the first term is a disease, and the second is a symptom of a disease. However, so that arterial hypertension (increased persistent blood pressure) does not turn into hypertension, you should contact the doctors in a timely manner.

What do the numbers that the tonometer shows mean?

If we consider pressure from the point of view of medicine, then, by definition, arterial or blood pressure is an indicator of the sum of the total pressure in all arteries at the same time. However, in blood vessels of different sizes, this indicator also varies. Namely, the larger the diameter of the vessel, the higher, respectively, the pressure. This is typical for the arteries that are closest to the heart. From this it follows that the highest pressure in the aorta.

Regardless of age, with only a slight adjustment, the average pressure is considered to be 120/80 mm Hg. Art., where the first digit is the pressure value when the heart muscle contracts, that is, at the moment of pushing blood out of the heart, namely from the left ventricle into the blood arteries. And the second digit is an indicator of vascular tone during relaxation of the heart muscle.

An interesting fact: these two numbers show the pressure in the artery located in the forearm. It was decided to make these indicators standard and that is why the pressure is measured in this area.

In general, the concept of "norm" for different people is different. It is important to understand that in a healthy person who does not complain about the level of blood pressure, the value of this indicator will be considered normal in the individual and in each specific case in different ways. For example, for many people, blood pressure in the range of 90/60 is considered normal, because only in this case they feel great.

Based on data in the field of medicine, high blood pressure is considered to be one that is higher than 140/90 mm Hg. Art. This indicator indicates arterial hypertension.

The severity of arterial hypertension

Arterial hypertension, depending on the indicators of the upper and lower levels of pressure, is divided into degrees:

• prehypertension - pressure indicators ranging from 130/85 to 139/89 mm Hg. Art.;
• I degree of severity - mild (from 140/90 to 159/99 mm Hg);
• II degree - a disease of moderate severity (from 160/100 to 179/109 mm Hg);
• III - severe degree of the disease (pressure indicators more than 180/110 mm Hg. Art.).

Usually, doctors determine the severity of patients in a moment when a person, before being examined, did not take any drugs that reduce blood pressure. Otherwise, the correct diagnosis cannot be made.

It has been established that among hypertensive patients, cases of death, which occur suddenly, are increasing significantly.

Today, experts have developed a kind of classification that helps, in addition to indicators of the level of the lower and upper limits of pressure, take into account some risk factors. Namely, the possibility of damage to organs that are called “targets” (a target organ is an organ that suffers more from the presence of arterial hypertension). This classification has even been called “risk stratification of patients with arterial hypertension.

Within this classification, all patients diagnosed with hypertension are divided into five subgroups:

1. The chance of dying from heart failure or complications in the cardiovascular system within 10 years after diagnosis is 5% of the total number of patients (insignificant risk).
2. The chance of getting serious complications and dying within 10 less than 15% is low.
3. Moderate risk - the chance of getting complications and the onset of death is close to 20%.
4. The lethal outcome and the chance of complications within 10 years in the near future is 30% - a high degree of risk.
5. The greatest probability of death and occurrence of serious complications in the subsequent period of 10 years is more than 30%.

According to the results of numerous studies, doctors have established an indisputable fact. It lies in the fact that people suffering from hypertension, when compared with people who have everything in order with pressure, are 7 times more likely to have a stroke. 6 times more often - acute heart failure. 4 times more often, hypertensive patients suffer from ischemia, and 2 times more likely to develop diseases of the peripheral nervous system, the same happens more often.

What is the difference between hypertension and hypertension

Returning to the topic of the article, let's once again try to clarify what is the difference between essential hypertension and arterial hypertension.

The definition of hypertension and hypertension has already been given above. The main differences are that the first name is a factor, and the second is a diagnosis. Although, if we consider the causes of this or that deviation from a healthy level, then there are significant differences.

Causes of arterial hypertension:

• deviations at the genetic level;
• malfunctions of the endocrine system;
• some diseases associated with the nervous system;
• kidney disease;
• diabetes;
• addiction to tobacco products and alcohol;
• uncontrolled salt intake;
• excess body weight;
• inactive lifestyle;
• long-term use of contraceptive drugs;
• during menopause in women.

Factors that can cause hypertension:

• The most common cause of high blood pressure doctors call stress, which, in turn, cause an increase in the level of adrenaline in the blood.
• Hypertension is a consequence of a constant depressive state, increased excessive sensitivity, all kinds of excitement and anxiety. If a person is constantly in a state of stress, then this, undoubtedly, becomes the cause of the disease.

Hypertension is most often caused by excessive and regular overload on a physical and emotional background. However, this disease can appear on the background of a genetic predisposition or after injuries that cause a concussion. The disease can be a consequence of changes called age-related and as a result of atherosclerosis.

The risk of developing hypertension in people whose families have cases of the disease increases many times over.

Do not discount and addictions - smoking, alcohol, addiction to fatty foods. All these factors inevitably affect the state of blood vessels and, in fact, the heart itself.

Injuries, as a result of which brain damage occurs, very often become the cause of such a diagnosis as hypertension.

Interestingly, even hypothermia can become the negative factor that provokes the disease.

Diseases of viral or infectious origin, such as meningitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, and others, are also on the list of factors in the occurrence of arterial hypertension.

As for age-related changes, here the picture is as follows:

1. With age, the content of cholesterol in human blood generally increases.
2. Cholesterol, in turn, leads to the formation of plaques inside the vessels on the walls.
3. The consequence of the second point is the appearance of impaired blood supply, and this, in turn, leads to disorders of the cardiovascular system as a whole.

Now in more detail about the period of menopause (menopause) in women. During this period of life, usually after 40-45 years of age, the female body is largely rebuilt.

In people of the elderly age category, the so-called hypodynamia usually occurs.

Although there is no such disease in official medicine, but recently doctors have increasingly begun to pay attention to this factor, and have come to the conclusion that physical inactivity - reduced activity, can lead to disruption in the work of various organs and systems in the body, including changes in pressure.

Recently, cases have become more frequent when physical inactivity is also noted in people at a young age, especially among those who spend too much time at the computer.

Now, doctors often call hypertension a disease of the modern lifestyle, in which computers are increasingly taking their place, displacing outdoor activities and physical labor from our lives.

Summing up the above, once again you should pay attention to the symptoms that may indicate hypertension:

• dizziness;
• noise in ears;
• headache, characterized by a strong pulsation in the occipital part of the head and in the region of the temporal region;
• feeling of anxiety;
• cardiopalmus;

• shortness of breath - shortness of breath;
• general irritability, tension;
• increased sweating, accompanied by a feverish state - chills;
• redness of the skin of the face and neck;
• swelling of the lower extremities;
• memory disorder or impairment;
• loss of strength and decreased performance.

By stating the facts that were stated above, it becomes more or less clear how hypertension differs from arterial hypertension. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of hypertension in the vast majority of cases remains with a person for life. And hypertension can be caused by negative factors and, therefore, if you try to eliminate them, then the pressure will not rise.